Grinding-machine



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Patented May 6, 1890..

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Pateanted May 6, 1890.

(No Model.)

A. B. LANDIS.

GRINDING MACHINE.

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(No Model.)

GRINDING MACHINE.

Patented May 6,1890.

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A. B. LANDIS. GRINDING MACHINE.

Patented May 6, 1890.

6 Sheets-Sheet 5.

A. B. LANDIS. GRINDING MACHINE.

(No Model.)

No.. 427,091. Patented May 6, 1890.

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Inl/@wr n I/qrMLQ/MQ/ @y 6, mmgm LIL l UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GRlNDlNG-MACHINE.

sPEcmcA'rIoN forming 'pm of Letters Patent No. 427,091, dated may e, 1890.

Application filed Hay 22, 1889.

To all whom it may concern:

Beit known that I, ABRAHAM B. LANms, a citizen of the United States, residing at lVaynesborough, in the county of Franklin and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Grinding-Machines, of which the following is a specificatiomreference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

My invention relates to universal grindingmachines adapted to 'do a great variety of work, as straight, tapering, and irregular work, either inside or outside; and my invention consists in the arrangement of the parts by which the relative positions of the table, the head and foot stocks, and the grindingwheel can be adjusted, and also in the means for retaining the foot-stock adj ustably secured to the table, in the pans for receiving abraded material, in the means for producing a variable traverse movement, and in other means hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings, Figure l is a front View of a grinding-machine constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-section through the center of the machine. Fig. 3 is atop View of the same. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section through the footstock. Fig. 4 is a central vertical cross-section of the foot-stock on line u fu. of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a top view of a graduated disk and stop to adjust the position of the emerywheel. Fig. Gis a vertical section of the same on line o -v of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a side view, partly in section, of a follower-rest detached from the emery-wheel casing. Fig. 8 is an end View of the same. Fig. 9 is a vertical section of the grinding-machine on line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 10. is a longitudinal vertical section on line z z of Fig. 3. Fig. 1l is a horizontal section on line a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 12 is either va top or bottom view of the annular cog-wheel used to give a reciprocal movement to the emery-wheel frame and adapt it to be pivotally adjusted. Fig. 13 represents the overhead works, consisting of counter-shafts and drums and friction disks and wheels. Fig. 14 is a detail, partly in section, of the disk at the end of the shaft carrying the main drum.

The machine consists of a base A, having Serial No. 311,681. (Nomodel.)

a bed B mounted thereon, in which are locatedall the feed or traverse gearing. On the top of this bed is mounted a plate C, secured to said bed B by bolts'. (Not shown.) On this plate is pivoted a plate or table D, which can be swung horizontally around the central bolt d5, and is secured in position by bolts 61"' di, passing through curved slots in the ends thereof and adj usted accuratelyby degrees and fractions thereof (indicated at d8) by means of the screw d, which is pivoted in a bearing 2 and the hand-wheel (Z2. plate are mounted the head and footy stocks having center-pins to revolve the Work upon, the head-stock E having a fixed position, while the foot-stock d is adjustable for different lengths of Work.' made to overhang a pan I the entire length of its adjustment, so that all the water which drops oif the shaft that is being. ground will drop into this pan and run off at the spout i, located at the center of its length, so that it will run into the channel c"l Whatever may be the position of the pivoted table, thus avoiding the slopping of water over the iinished parts of the machine and carrying it all away at the hole c3.

The channel c2 may be formed integral with the plate C, but preferably separate to avoid any action upon the plate C and the pivoted table D relatively to its center by contraction caused by water of less temperature than the bed itself. For the same reason the pan I is 'Upon this pivote'd The foot-stock is made separate from the pivotcd table D, and

an air-space is retained between them, as shown. The foot-stock d is secured to the of which is received in the groove D2, which always brings it firmly against the long shoulder d, which is a true straight line of the machine, and always secures the centers in perfect alignment regardless of the position held longitudinally by the foot-stock, and this is a 'ery important feature. The head-stock, for convenience in manufacture, is made separate and is also secured in a likemanner with an inclined bolt e, so 'that it always bears rmly against the shoulder e of the table D, so that positive accurate alignment is always attained.

, For angular grinding, when it is desired to move thetable D to one extreme position, as

table D by an inclined bolt d'2, the T-head dw 'f IOO ` the bracket J, to

K slides on an acute `idly on the shaft 612 shown by dottedjlines inFig.-3, and toD secure it in position shown, the screw d2 and its retaining-boss 2 are removed from the machineand the bolt di inserted in one treme to give a per work. I

To adjust the grinding mechanism to the desired angle with relation to the work,- I swing around the lower pivotal base H, carried by any angle, according to the degrees upon the circumferential surface at the junction of these two parts. -On the pivoted base H is mounted the reciprocating base G, which is operated by a screw on the under side thereof. On thisbase G is mounted the grinding-wheel frame F. Said frame F vis adapted to be swung in any position to properly locate the wheel at. any angle to the work. By revolving the base H the base G by the screw h the direction of the grinding-wheel is shifted and a shaft can be ground at any furtherdesired angle.

The grinding-wheel is reciprocated, as before stated, by the screw h. This screwis actuated by a pinion h1 thereon, which engages with a cogged ring h3, which turns in an annular seat in the table J, and this ring is removed from its'seat and of the holes c4 for either exwide range of angle for tavhas gear-teeth on its upper side forengagement with the pinion h4, and its lower side is also toothed and engages with a similar pinion j. Thus it will be seen that by swinging the base H to any angle the base G can be reciprocated at will at any angle.

The base H is held in position by clamping it'with the plate h by means of the nut h2 under the table J. The vertical back or bar angular guide K, formed on the bed B its entire length, and is reciprocated by the pinion 61s engagingwith the rack k, said guide being fully protected from dirt by the ,joint K2 between the channel c2 and the bar' K. The bracketJ is secured adjustably to the-bar K by the bolts j, for the purpose of changing the position of the emery-wheel and support with relation to the bar K to equalize the wear of said bar upon the guide K in case the wheel for continf ucd short grinding was given a short movement for a long time and at one place, which would wear the guide out of a straight or true line. The traverse movement of the bar K is obtained by means of a belt passed through the holes c5 in the top plate C onto the pulley B', which is ning in t e inside of a sleeve B2, the frame or bed B, said shaft"having a disk 62 mounted thereon, and engaging with this disk is a friction-wheel 63, mounted on a vertical shaft B", having at its lower end a bevelpinion 64, gearing into two similar pinions, by which a reverse movement is obtained by means of a clutch a5, mounted on the shaft a2, the other end of which has a worm a', engaging a wheel 611, which is made to turn until the gear-wheel 610 (which is splined to the shaft 612) is thrust and reciprocating Y 'bar a7, Fig. 9,l which mounted on a shaft run attached to,l

against its internal conical bearing-surface by the wheel 69, which is screwed on the shaft 612, and said shaft turns the pinion" 615 and reciprocates the bar K. The clutch between the two bevel-gears is actuated by the lever a, Fig.` 2, by hand or automatically by the tripping pendent lugs 65 65, which are adjustably attached by means of a nut upon their pivots to the bar 6G, which has integral therewith a cog-rack on its top engaging with the pinion 614, which is secured to the shaft 612.

The connection of said lever a to the-clutchbara6 is by means of the connecting-bar a", Fig. l1. The traverse motion is started and stopped by the hand-wheel 67, which operates the pinion 68, and the said pinion meshes with the gear 69, screwed on the'shaft 61, which gear, in revolving and advancing upon said screw, thrusts the wheel 61 Ainto the conical bearing-surface of the wheel -611 and starts the feed. Thereverse movement will stop it. drawing up this friction-clutch 61 against 611 by means of the narrow-faced extra gears `6s and 69, which permits the tightening handwheel 67 to be located in the center of the hand feed-wheel 6 in the most convenient position for use. is varied by moving the friction-wheel 68 up and down or to and from the center Of the disk'b. This is accomplished by the handwheel d,s means of a pinion asfengaging with a rackrack-bar engages the groov'ed hub on the lower -side of the wheel 6-,

c c are receptacles 4onthe end of plate C for -tools, &c.^, within convenient reach of the operator.

A'new feature is in the manner of" The traverse feed movement.

on the front of th'e base A through foo The pan I thoroughly protects'the pivot- Y screw d from Water material.'

Fig. 4 s ows Aa central cross-section, on an enlarged scale, of the foot-stock d', showing the arrangement for manipulating its spindle d, which is providedwith teeth on the under side for the engagement with the pinion 7, formed on the hub of the hand-wheel d.' Said hub is bored out and receives the stud d1 and the spring d19, which spring has one end secured to the 4stud (18 and the opposite end secured to the end of the pinion 7, and is for the purpose of rotating the pinion 7, and the latter' to advance the center spindle of the foot-stock into the work under a regular tension, as the power of said spring is revolvingtorsional, and said pinion is rigidly clamped in that position by the thumb-nut d, which is screwed on the outer end of stud d1s and and from the grinding presses on the taper collar d10 (which is splined onto this stud with free movement endwise) and causes friction on its taper and also on the taper d11, formed on the hub of the handwheel d. This forms an exceedingly powerful clamp by a slight relative pressure on the thumb-screw. The spiral spring is secured to the lower end of the pinion 7, which constitutes the hub of the wheel d, and the upper end of the'spring is secured to the stud by inserting one' end of the spring there-n or by any suitable means. To increase the ten. sion, the pinion 7 is retained .by means ofthe handle d, the nut du* is loosened, and the 'spring is woundV by turning the stud cZs-at the upper end, and while said upper end is held by hand it .is then secured again by,

' tightening the nut d1.v

Figs. 5 and 6 representa graduated disk M,; with 'a peripheral slot m, into which the head of a screw p is received, which screw enters the inner end of the hand-nut m7, andthe latter secures the stop-block lm6 on the periphery of the wheel M, and said block m6 is brought.

, to a stop against the pin m', which is retained in a socketed arm m5 tightly secured upon the;

f angular grinding. This is accomplished by pressing down the pin m by the arm m2, and when down it is turned to one side into the slot m8 or in the position shown by dotted lines. By turning back the arm m2 the spring m3 will throw the pin fm back into position again as a stop.

' Figs. 7 and Srepresentafollower-rest to be used in connection with light straight grinding. It consistsv of an arm N, having a slot fn.4 in its inner end to attach ,it to the emery- Wheel casing (shown in Fig. 2) by a thumb-y screw, sol as to be quickly attached to and detached fromthe machine. The upper end of the arm N is bored on the same levelwith the centers'of the machine and receives the pin n2, which is bored in the end to receive the V-ended block fn, which is'preferably of wood. The other end of the pin n2 protrudes and has a knob n3 to draw the pin back from the work. The thumb screw rn. clamps the pin in position. When in use and the Workis reduced, in size, the screw 'n' is simply slacked, which allows the spring ns to gently press the pin with its end block against the Work, and the screw n securely holds it. It is quite necessary that only a light pressure be brought on the Work of light character, and a light spring best accomplishes this and is better than a handadjustment, which is more uncertain.

Fig. l1G shows the overhead works, consist- 'ing of a drum L, mounted upon a shaft L2,

having tight and loose pulleys Z9 Z9. From this drum the grinding-wheel arbor is driven by means of a belt. (Not shown.) On the end of this driving-shaft is a disk Z, Which engages with a friction-wheel Z', mounted on a shaft Z7, and this wheel Z engageswith the,

lsk Z2, mounted on the shaft L3, and upon said shaft is the drum Z3, whic drives the head-v stock by means of a belt, both for straight and for face grinding. Pulleyl, formed, preferably, on the disk Z2, drives the traverse mechanism by-means of a belt passing around the .pulley b. To stop and start the work,'the

shaft L3, carrying 'the disk Z3, is' moved endwise, and. thereby the said disk becomes disconnected from the friction-wheel Z. This is accomplished by means of a lever applied to4 the groove in the collar Zl0 on said shaft. This stops the traverse motion and the revolving of the Work, while the grinding-Wheel continues to rotate. This is done to measure or caliper the work, and can be done more quickly' than by stoppingV the high-motion grindingvwheel. The contact between the disk Z and the wheel Z is constant, and is accomplished,

as shown in Fig. 17, by the springs Z4, placedin recesses in the hub of disk Z, and they bear against the washer Z5, which presses against box Z11 and holds the disk and wheels in contact. This arrangement does away with all cross-belts heretofore used on this class of machines, and gives the additional advantage of a thorough variable motion by moving the Wheel l back and forth by a lever engaging4 with the groove in the collar Z6, and said lever can extend below within convenient reach of the operator. Y

Having now fully described my invention-,I claim-j 1.- In a grinding-machine, the combination of the table D, pivotally secured to the top plate C and having a longitudinal groove' in the top thereof, and a long shoulder dg, with a4 foot-stock, and a boltl having its head inserted in said longitudinal groove and passing through the foot-stock in a direction inclined to the top of said table, substantially as and for the purpose described.

2. In a grinding-machine,the combination of the table D, pivotally secured to the top plate C and having a longitudinal groove D4A in the top thereof on the outside of a vertical plane passing through the axis of the head and foot stocks, with a foot-stock having its base over said groove and on one side of said vertical plane, substantially as and for the purpose described.l

3. In a grinding-machine, the combination of the bed B, having an acute angular'guide K the length thereof, the back bar K, hooked thereon, the bracket-table J, longitudinally adjustable upon the bar K, and secured thereto, the emery-wheel, and the emery-wheel base-frame F, adj ustably secured to said bracket-table, substantially as described.

4. The combination of the pulley B', its

shaft and friction-disk b2, the friction-wheel- IOO 'of the bed B, having an acute angular` guide K the llength 'thereof,the back bar K, hooked thereon, and its rack, a pinion engaging'with said rack, its screw-threaded shaft, the gearwheel b upon the screw-threaded portion of said shaft, the pinion bs, the friction-gear bu?, the pinion b and its hollow -shaft,vand Ithe shaft of 'the pinion ba, passing throuhthe hollow shan. carrying 'the hand-wheel'v, sub. stantiallyvas'described.

' 6. In a grinding-machine, the combination of a table, the footfstock adjustably secured thereto, the spindle having rack-teeth, the hollow handle having uponits hub cogs to engage with said rspindle, and an tegral conical hearing, the stud within said \ub having a conical collar and a coil-spring, and a handle for said stud, substantially as described.

7. The combination'of the grinding-wheel frame, th QOggOd ring, and beveled pinion with the inclined shaft m, the graduated disk M, havin thefperipheral slotf, the pin m',

'and stoplock m6 'against the-periphery of said disk, substantially as and for the pur'- pose described.

8. The follower-rest N, having its lower end slotted and its upper end tubular, in combination with the pin fn, having a shouldered stein and .a ciledspring and knob thereon, Y

,tially as described.

alblock within the hollow 'end of said pin, a 3c clamp, and a fastening-screw n', said rest Nbeing secured to a grinding-wheel frame, subf stantially as described. f

9.' The combination, with a grindingwheel revolving frame and. rneans,fas described, to 35 rotate it, of a shaft m, having a graduated disk M, provided with the -peripheral slot m, with the stopb1ock m, secured to the periph* cry ot said disk, with the stop-pin m', seated in a casting fm.L5 and having a spring m3 at'its 4olower end, and a pin m2, inserted in said pin m to engage with the lateral slot m8, substantially as and for the purpose described.

10. The combination, with a grinding-wheel revolving frame and means, as described, to 45 rotate it,4 of the screw-shaft b1, the gear-wheel 4b9 ngen the screw-threaded portion, the pinion a,

the friction-gear b1 and its pinion b', and the shaft` of the pinion b passing through the shaft carrying thehandwheel b, substan- 5o In testimonyv whereof I aixfiny signature in presence of two witnesses.

ABRAHAM B. LANIQIS. Witnesses:

ALF. N. RUSSELL, JNO. B. RUSSELL. 

